Mass Incarceration Is Defined As The Substantial Increase

Mass incarceration is defined as the substantial increase in the number of Americans, particularly men of color, imprisoned within the last forty years. Despite its intentions to serve justice, the system is flawed; the physical freedom, possessions, and educational/career opportunities for inmates are limited during and after imprisonment. Lockeian ideology provides insight into how our criminal justice system has come to operate in this way. In John Locke’s Second Treatise of Government, Locke outlines two different types of slavery: justified and unjustified. His definition of justified slavery, which is critical to this paper, states that if a lawful conqueror is defending his or herself against an aggressor and wins, he or she has a†¦show more content†¦Following release, they lose the right to vote, access to public housing, eligibility for federal grants and loans, and a wide span of career options. While people of any race can be incarcerated, there is a dispr oportionate impact on low-income communities of color. Additionally, while mass incarceration is not an inherited status, children of inmates are three times more likely than other children to have a run-in with the law (Conway Jones 2014). In essence, given that mass incarceration exhibits many of the same characteristics and impacts as American slavery, it appears to be an extension of the previous system. Understandably, the correlation between American slavery and mass incarceration might seem uncanny because prisoners are not owned by anyone else. However, slaves and prisoners experience a similar loss of liberties and possessions, which is the defining characteristic of enslavement. Locke’s distinction between unjustified and justified slavery helps to solidify the interrelationship between American slavery and present-day mass incarceration. Locke’s account of unjustified slavery explains historical slavery in the United States of America. In the Second Treatis e of Government, Locke explains the contradiction between slavery and the preservation of property (i.e. life, liberty, and possessions). He clearly states that no one can choose to enslave oneself because of theShow MoreRelatedThe Moral And Ethical Treatment Of Being Respected And Treated Humanely1702 Words   |  7 PagesDignity is often defined as an individual’s deservedness to be respected and treated humanely, as an individual possessing worthiness at the most general level. From my perspective, dignity is the nourishment and affirmation of one’s self-worth; in other words, fuel that every human possesses and should have preserved to remain fully human. However, prominent 19th century social reformers like Jeremy Bentham were critical of the notion that prisoners ought to possess declared rights. Bentham thoughtRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The United States1519 Words   |  7 Pagesthe United States of America have been on a steady decline, however, the number of people in the United States under some form of correctional control is reaching towering heights and reaching record proportions. In the last thirty years, the incarceration rates in the United States has skyrocketed; the numbers roughly quadrupled from around five hundred thousand to more than 2 million people. (NAACP)In a speech on criminal justice at Columbia University, Hillary Clinton notes that, â€Å"It’s a starkRead MoreDignity Is The Foundation Of Our American Criminal Justice System1732 Words   |  7 Pagesoperations of the prison system. In Brown V. Plata, Anthony Kennedy reasoned that dignity should be the foundation of our American Criminal Justice system. As I will discuss in the following paragraphs, Brown V. Plata has allowed for a number of substantial improvements in the moral and ethical treatment of incarcerated individuals. To begin, I’ll provide a brief account of dignity, incorporating the ideologies of Anthony Kennedy and Michel Foucault to supplement my own account. Foucault held thatRead MoreThe Disproportionate Incarceration Of African American Males Essay1872 Words   |  8 PagesThe Disproportionate Incarceration of African American Males The United States currently has the highest incarcerated population in the world with 2.2 million adults incarcerated in 2014 (Kaeble, Glaze, Tsoutis, Minton, 2016). African American males represent a disproportionate amount of the incarcerated population, which is defined by those confined in either prison or jail (Crutchfield Weeks, 2015). Although, African-Americans account for roughly 13% of the United States population, theyRead MoreThe United States Prison System996 Words   |  4 Pagesmillion inmates; with nearly half of the inmates in federal prison serving time for drug offenses. The majority of America’s general population has been hoodwinked into believing that the prison system helps prevent crime, but the side effects of mass incarceration is like spilling gasoline on a burning car. The side effects of fabricating additional prison complexes for the sole purpose of preventing crime will continue to deem societies ignorance towards our broken prison system. The United States’ prisonRead MoreRacial Profiling And The African American Community Essay2673 Words   |  11 PagesAfrican-Americans constantly receives disapproval and hatred, along with a long record of wrong-doings that have been done to people of color. Generally, the outward appearance of an individual of color could possibly suffer from racial profiling, mass incarceration, brutality, police brutality, and exploitation inequalities. The negative suppositions, hypotheses, and assumptions that African-American people group receive, is essentially outstanding as prejudice. The African-American community has sufferedRead MoreRestorative And Restorative Justice System3870 Words   |  16 Pagesrelationship between crime and education. When analyzing the effect of education on incarceration for both blacks and whites, there stands a significant reduction in the probability of incarceration, due to more schooling. Variable estimates reveal a significant relationship between education and incarceration, which suggests, â€Å"one extra year of schooling results in a .10 percentage point reduction in the probability of incarceration for whites and a .37 percentage point reduction for blacks†(Chiricos, T. (1987)Read MorePublic Opinion And Policy Implications Of Television1810 Words   |  8 Pagesimpact can be seen throughout the criminal justice system. Another example of the strong impact of the media is seen in relation to the public’s shift of support away from rehabilitative programs to a more punitive attitude favoring increased incarceration. Martinson (1974) published an influential article examining the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs. Martinson basically concluded that â€Å"nothing works† in regards to rehabilitation programs. This report garnered much media attention and isRead MoreThe Ethical Treatment of Prisoners3418 Words   |  14 Pagesconfinement) in the context of a more general examination of the difficulty of public ethics as such, it will be possible to see how determining the ethical treatment of prisoners depends upon a kind of utilitarian ethics motivated towards a clearly defined goal, something which is sorely lacking in the current world of crime and punishment. To begin it is necessary to flesh out the discussion of different modes of ethical thought described above, because understanding the inherent conflict of ethicalRead MoreThe Legalization Of Medical Marijuana2985 Words   |  12 Pagesas well as the changes in ideology in recent years with regards to drugs and drug users will likely lead to a shift in how North America as a culture chooses to handle the problems and woes of drug culture. The number of drug offenders under incarceration in America grew tenfold from 1980 to 2005 (Boyum Reuter, 2005). In the face of this fact there is strikingly little evidence that increased punishment for drug related offences has, or will, significantly reduce drug use (Boyum Reuter, 2005)

Essay about Rise of Technology-based Capitalism - 755 Words

The Rise of Technology-based Capitalism The rise of the Internet in the last decade has brought about a new form of business that has revolutionized the way in which the companies of today operate. There are many possible explanations for the rise of this form of business in society, and all of these explanations are debatable. The rise of digital information and information technology has created a powerful tool that mutually enables consumers and companies to bring about the transformation of traditional capitalism. Companies such as eBay, an online auction site, have created a virtual marketplace for the collectivity of buyers and sellers, improving the dynamics of capitalism. These companies leverage the accessibility, efficiency†¦show more content†¦It is clear that information is a crucial weapon for any consumer, and that the Internet constructs a clear path to this weapon. Innumerable web sites dispatch consumer information, which was inaccessible by previous technologies. In this way the Internet is a new conduit for the process of capitalism, although the traditional mechanisms for capitalism remain intact. The auction site eBay is an excellent example of an effective information instrument. EBay has transformed the classified ad into a super-charged high-speed marketplace. Consumers are equipped with visual information and a print description of an item for sale, and the vast resources of other consumers online to research, browse and buy anything imaginable. Not only can a consumer find all relevant information regarding a particular item for sale, but also the prospective buyer can chat with thousands of similar consumers with similar interests around the world. On eBays web site consumers are given a virtual environment where recommendations and advice are exchanged and valuable information regarding a product can be researched all within the comfort of ones home. Meg Whitman, CEO of eBay, comments on the transformation of traditional commerce by stating, †¦we are enabling a kind of commerce that didnt exist to any extent before, and thats person-to-person commerce(Levy). The success of this newShow MoreRelatedSociology1391 Words   |  6 PagesEmile Durkheim. II. Gerhard Lenski: Society and Technology. Gerhard Lenski (Nolan Lenski, 2010) focuses on sociocultural evolution, the changes that occur as a society acquires new technology. According to Lenski, the more technological information a society has, the faster it changes. New technology sends ripples of change through a society’s entire way of life. Lenski’s work identifies five types of societies based on their level of technology. A. Hunting and gathering societies use simple toolsRead MoreThe First Of A New Historical Period820 Words   |  4 Pagesplace, one can only wonder if capitalism as an economic, social, and political structure is coming to an end as we know it? What makes this predication more realistic now than ever is the political changes that we are witnessing and the lack of social stability that is affecting every corner of the planet; it seems that the seeds of change were already planted, and now we are witnessing the early stages of a new historical period. However, a system, like capitalism, that became part of the very natureRead MoreCapitalism Was The Gift Of European Colonialism Essay1067 Words   |  5 Pagesargument that capitalism was the gift of European colonialism in the Americas Blaut argues in 1492: The Debate on Colonialism, Eurocenterism, and history that before 1492, Africa and Asia were fully as advanced and progressive as Europe. Also that the development of Europe began in 1492 and resulted from colonialism and the quality of contributions. With enlightenment of the quarrel that Capitalism was the gift of European Colonialism in the Americas, Blaut specified that capitalism slowly arose inRead MoreToday s Relationship Of Education And Economy880 Words   |  4 PagesEinstein, who said â€Å"Capitalism has brought wi th it progress, not merely in production but also in knowledge.† One of the most fundamental building blocks of technological advancements in today’s society is the dependence on education. Creative Destruction, in simpler terms, is the persistent renewal of technology that constantly supersedes the previous forerunner. Many universities play a major role in research and innovation of all areas of study, one notably being technology. It is evident fromRead MoreEssay on The Industrial Revolution1326 Words   |  6 Pagesforces, among them capitalism, technology, globalization, and issues of equality. Describe these forces in detail and analyze their impact on the structure and culture workplace. Capitalism Capitalism is an economic system that is based on the private ownership of capital or the means of production and the creation of goods and services for profit. Some of the elements central to capitalism include capital accumulation, competitive markets and a price system. Capitalism has been dominantRead MoreMarxism : A Structural Conflict Theory1718 Words   |  7 Pagesoppression under capitalism to a socialist and ultimately classless society. There are varying types of economic exchange that all vary dependant on the type of society and economic system the country is in. Namely these are barter, which is the exchange of gods and commodities; merchandise, bartering through the intermediary of money, and capitalism, that uses commodities in order to increase money. For Marx, the latter type of economic exchange (capitalism) is one that is based upon the exploitationRead MoreEconomic Development Of China Through Marxian Economics And Neoclassical Economics1618 Words   |  7 Pagesstructural change in the country’s internal dynamics such as institutional changes and configuration of labor as well as external factors by expanding the degree of openness through capital investment, trade liberalization, and importation of advanced technologies. Both internal dynamics and external factors of China’s economic transformation can be rationalized by their appropriate theoretical frameworks for economic development. T his paper seeks to examine the recent economic development of China throughRead MoreIndustrialization Of The Industrial Revolution1214 Words   |  5 Pagesincrease in new manufacturing processes which transitioned from hand production methods to the development of machines and the rise of the factory system. The process of industrialisation largely affected the division of labour due to the increase in the mode of production. During this period, society transitioned from feudalism to capitalism due to the increasing progress of technology. â€Å"For Marx the industrial revolution marked the transition between two essentially different periods of capitalist developmentRead MoreMarxism Is A Method Of Socioeconomic Analysis1495 Words   |  6 Pageshistorical development and a dialectical view of social transformation. Marxist methodology originally used economic and sociopolitical inquiry to analyze and critique the development of capitalism and the role of class struggle in systemic economic change. According to Marxist analysis, class conflict within capitalism arises due to intensifying contradictions between highly productive mechanized and socialized production performed by the proletariat, and private ownership and appropriation of the surplusRead MorePrior To The Industrial Revolution, Which Began In Britain1542 Words   |  7 Pageshours. Housing was often crowded, and the conditions were unsanitary for factory workers. As demand for goods increased, merchants needed more cost-effective methods of production, which led to the rise of mechanization and the factory system and with this, the evolution and life was given to capitalism. The capitalist system that exploded during the Industrial Revolution is one of the most effective and efficient methods of production in human history. In the decades and centuries following the Industrial

Business Economics for Price Elasticity of Demand- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Economics for Price Elasticity of Demand. Answer: Price elasticity of demand: Price elasticity of demand is a mechanism of microeconomics to capture consumers degree of responsiveness to changes in price. As per the law of demand, fall in price boosts the demand and increase in price reduces the quantity demanded. The lower the price, greater is the purchasing power of consumers out of a given income. Elasticity reflects the direction and intensity of changes in quantity demanded for one unit change in price (Fisher Shell, 2014). Elasticity contains negative sign for negative relation between price and demand with exception in cases like Giffen goods that reflects positive relation between price and quantity. Elasticity is defined as: Ed = Types of elasticity depend upon value of E. E1 implies for unit change in price there would be less than one unit change in demand. This is inelastic demand. E=0, implies perfectly inelastic demand that refers to percentage change in quantity demanded is zero for one unit increase in price. For E=1, indicates unitary elastic demand where the quantity demand rises just by 1 unit for unit fall in price Elastic demand denoted by E1 implies change in quantity demand by more than one unit for unit change in price (Hall Lieberman, 2012). If a firm say Apple wants to raise its product price it must know how inelastic or elastic the demand would be in favor or against of the price change. Generally, high priced apple gadgets fall in luxurious good category that faces elastic demand. So increase in price would reduce quantity substantially, which wont be good for the profit of company. Absolute Comparative Advantage Driving concept behind international trade is absolute advantage. This refers to advantage nation has in domestic production in terms of labor capability. Labor is the only input in production under the concept. Lesser the amount of labor required to produce one unit of goods, higher is the productivity and greater is the advantage the nation tend to have. This cross-country difference in productivity of labor, nations follow production in one sector that is more advantageous to produce and lead toward specialization (Levchenko Zhang, 2016). Specialization propels trade that further pushes exchanging for goods and services produced by other nation with the own production. The concept of comparative advantage revolves around the theory of opportunity cost. This refers to the amount of foregone production in one sector for one unit production in another sector (Laursen, 2015). Suppose in country A, to produce one unit of food, 2 unit of machine production has to be forgiven and to produce one unit of machine goods, 0.5 unit of food production. In country B, , to produce one unit of food, 1.5 unit of machine production has to be forgiven and one unit of machine production requires 2.5 unit of food production to be forgive. Evidently, machine production requires less sacrifice of food in Country A and Country B has lesser opportunity cost in food production indicating A would specialize in machine production and B in food production and they exchange through trade. Reference: Fisher, F. M., Shell, K. (2014).The Economic Theory of Price Indices: Two Essays on the Effects of Taste, Quality, and Technological Change. Academic Press. Hall, R. E., Lieberman, M. (2012).Microeconomics: Principles and applications. Cengage Learning. Laursen, K. (2015). Revealed comparative advantage and the alternatives as measures of international specialization.Eurasian Business Review,5(1), 99-115. Levchenko, A. A., Zhang, J. (2016). The evolution of comparative advantage: Measurement and welfare implications.Journal of Monetary Economics,78, 96-111.

Audit Of A Financial Statement Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Audit Of A Financial Statement. Answer: Introduction: The auditing standard ASA 240 is associated with the responsibilities of the auditor associated to fraud in audit of a financial statement. Particularly, the scope of auditing standard expands on ASA 315 and ASA 330 in respect to risk of misstatement because of fraud. Misstatement in financial statement might arise either because of fraud or error (Aicpa 2017). The distinctive factor amid the fraud and error is whether there is underlying action which lead to misstatement of the financial statement is deliberate or not deliberate. According to the Australian auditing standard fraud is regarded as the wider concept. The auditor is generally concerned with the fraud which causes material misstatement in the financial statement. Even though auditor might suspect or in rare circumstances recognize fraud the auditor does not make the lawful determination of whether the fraud has eventually happened. The primary accountability for preventing and detecting fraud relies on those that are charged with the governance and management of organization (Li, Simunic and Ye 2017). It is vital for the management to place a high stress on reducing the opportunities of reducing fraud and deterring fraud that may persuade an invidious to commit fraud due to the probability of detecting and punishing. The auditor enters much expanded ground to detect the fraud. Auditors Responsibility: An auditor performing the work of audit in compliance with the ASA is accountable for attaining sufficient reassurance that the financial statement that are taken as the whole is free from material misstatement originating from fraud or error (Bozkurt 2014). Because of the inherent disadvantages of audit there are risks that are unavoidable since some of the material misstatement of financial statement should not be detected, even though the audit is sufficiently planned and executed in compliance with Australian auditing standards. The auditor is responsible for assessing the correctness of the accounting policies used and appropriateness of the accounting estimations disclosures that are made by the directors. The auditor is accountable for identifying and evaluating the risk of material misstatement relating to the financial statement due to error and fraud and conduct an audit procedure that are responsive to the risk. The auditor is accountable for assessing the overall demonstration, construction and content of the financial report along with the disclosure whether the financial statement provides an underlying evidence of transactions that attains fair presentation (Shah 2017). At the time of obtaining the reasonable assurance the auditor accountable for upholding professional skepticism during the audit. The auditor is responsible for communicating with the directors concerning the matters, prearranged scope and timing of audit with significant findings from audit. This comprises of identifying the significant deficiencies in the internal control which the auditor is required to identify during the audit. Auditor failure in detecting and reporting fraud in ABC Learning: In context of the current case study of ABC learning an evidence of overstatement of revenues were noticed. In context of the revenues it is held that the auditor of ABC has failed to derive sufficient and appropriate audit evidence for numerous fee revenue (Kassem and Higson 2016). This ultimately resulted in significant amount of material overstatement of the ABC revenue. Furthermore, the items originating from the provision of childcare services were erroneously categorized since the revenues resulted in overstatement of the ABC revenues. The audit report of ABC learning suggests that there was incorrect treatment of the development revenues. The ASIC notes that the revenues transaction was not considered as revenue derived through the provision of childcare services (MaAyan and Carmeli 2016). On classifying the normal revenues as the transaction the users of the monetary reports enabled them to consider developers fees as the recurring revenues that originated from the provision of child care services. Therefore, any kind of attempt made to value the childcare centres were useless. Evidences from the audit report suggest that the revenues were not disclosed in a manner which clearly indicated that were recurring and resulting from the provision of child care services. The critical assessment suggested that payment formed the part of scheme that was artificially designed to inflate the profits (Fazli et al. 2014). The auditor was unsuccessful in obtaining the adequate audit evidences in respect of the accurate bookkee ping treatment for numerous fees which resulted in significant amount of material misstatement of the ABC proceeds. Among the other auditing issues surrounded the ABC learning was that the auditor has failed to get the adequate evidences to enable a sensible knowledgeable auditor to determine that ABC was a going concern. Requirements of Professional skepticism: At the time of getting reasonable assurance the auditor is required to maintain the professional skepticism all through the audit. Fundamentally, ISA 200 necessitates the use of professional skepticism as the medium of improving the ability of the auditor to recognize the risk of material misstatement and respond to the risk recognized (Soh and Martinov-Bennie 2015). Professional skepticism is closely associated with the essential ethical deliberations of the auditor fairness and liberation. Professional skepticism is associated with the implementation of professional judgement by the auditor. If an audit is conducted without using the professional skepticism then it may not result in high quality audit. Consequently, implementing the professional skepticism must assist in assuring that the auditor does not overlook the unfamiliar circumstances or undertake incorrect assumptions at the time of ascertaining the audit response. As the part of audit procedure in compliance with the Australian auditing standard the auditor is required to exercise proficient decision and maintain the professional skepticism all through the audit procedure. As the part of audit the auditor is required to make accounting estimates (Pitt 2014). The accounting estimates requirements include fair valuation of accounting estimations. This comprises of noteworthy assumptions made by management in establishing accounting estimates and reviewing the decisions that are made by the managers for management in creating an accounting estimates. Another requirement of professional skepticism is that the auditor must review the managements assessment of going concern and whether the plans of management are feasible or not. This is especially vital in the circumstances where there prevails significant amount of doubt over the capability of the organization to continue as the going concern (Klassen, Lisowsky and Mescall 2015). The auditor on the other hand are under the obligation of fulfilling the requirements of related party relations and disclosure. For an auditor it may be difficult in getting the information of the related parties since the information might be confined to the management meaning for which the auditor might have to remain dependent management to recognize all the related parties. The auditor is required to remain sceptical at the time of assessing the business underlying principle behind the related partys transaction. Furthermore, the professional skepticism requirements of the auditor also include paying considerations on laws and regulations (Bowlin, Hobson and Piercey 2015). The auditor is required to remain alert all through the audit process for reflecting that there may be instances of suspected non-compliance with rules and regulations. Unless it is found that the auditor has the sufficient purpose to believe the conflictions the auditor might accept the records and documents that are genuine. If there are situations that forces the auditor to believe that the document might not be authentic or the conditions in the document have been altered but not revealed to the auditor (Quadackers, Groot and Wright 2014). Where the responses to the enquiries of the management or the person that are charged with the governance are not consistent then the auditor should investigate the inconsistencies. Auditors failure in applying Professional Skepticism: Auditors are regarded as the vital gatekeepers who are dependent upon to offer assurance and market confidence in the quality of the monetary statement. The ASIC constantly place their focus on auditors importance for implementing professional skepticism and getting the sufficient audit evidence to assist their conclusions (Cohen, Dalton and Harp 2014). It is necessary that auditors implement correct skills, experience and skepticism in recognizing and responding to the risks by obtaining audit evidence and judging the areas as going concern. In context of ABC learning it is understood that the auditor failed to sufficiently perform his duties as auditor. The auditor failed to obtain suitable evidence of audit relating to appropriate accounting treatment for numerous fees that resulted in overstatement of ABC revenue. The auditor failed to classify the items of income. This resulted in consequences that items from the provision of childcare services were not correctly categorized as revenue and led to overstatement of ABC revenue. The auditor further failed to enable that ABC was the going concern and lacked professional skepticism in supporting his opinion that the financial report of ABC was free from material misstatement (Brazel et al. 2016). The auditor failed to create audit procedure to deal with the evaluated risks and failed to adequately document the testing that was undertaken relating to fraud risk. The auditor failed to use the professional judgement and lacked professional skepticism while auditing ABC learning financial report. Ethical issues contributed to ABC Downfall: As evident the code of ethics for professional accountants lay down the ethical requirements for professional accountants. To act in the interest of public a professional accountant should observe and comply with the ethical requirements. As evident in the current case study of ABC learning the major reason that contributed to the collapse of ABC learning was the ethical issues (Klein 2015). The chief ethical issues led to the downfall of the ABC learning was the lower payment of wages to the employees in order to incur lower cost and more amount of profits that enables them to attain the competitive advantage in the corporate world. This misstatement in the financial report by the auditors is regarded as one of the major ethical issues. Section 110 of the code of ethics requires an accountant to follow the principles of integrity in order to impose the obligation on all the professional accountants to act in a straight forward manner (Press and Woodrow 2018). Integrity also refers to the fair dealing and truthfulness. To capture the market, share and gain more profit ABC learning gave their employees a lower rate of wages and was found to below the Australian standards. The accountants of ABC failed to discharge their obligation with integrity and provided inappropriate accounting reports relating to cash flow and business model. Another ethical issue that contributed to the fall of the ABC learning was the significant ethical and moral lapse in the share that was floated by the company when the CEO engaged in the related party transaction. The ethical issue in the case of ABC learning revolves around the deception to the shareholders as the shareholders have invested money on false pretence. The management of the ABC learning failed to act in compliance with the section 130 related to professional competency and due diligence (MaAyan and Carmeli 2016). The maintenance professional competency and diligence encompassed the responsibility of acting in agreement with the requirements of obligation carefully and on timely manner. Unearthing claims arising out of the insufficient revelation, related party transactions and mis-administration have contributed to the ethical downfall of the organization. Another ethical reason that was responsible for the downfall of the ABC learning was the lack of objectivity. Section 120 of the code of ethics provides that the accountants must not compromise their professional or business judgement because of the unwarranted effect on others (Pitt 2014). The accounting misstatement of financial reports rotates around the deceiving the shareholders regarding the overall position of the organization on false pretence have evidently contributed to the collapse of the ABC learning. The accountants did not provide true financial and position of the company to the stakeholders. This enable the company to remain exposed to the situations impair objectivity. Conclusion: As evident from the study above the major reason that contributed to ABC Learning downfall was the financial discrepancies. The in appropriate financial management such as high debts and abnormal acquisition attributed to main discrepancies in the financial information. The inflated value of the assets and increased valuation offered wrong information to the shareholders that was not approved by the AASB. The auditors failure in reflecting the company as the going concern with lack of professional skepticism in responding to accounting risk contributed to the company down. Conclusively the underlying fact states that management of company was ineffective in controlling the fortunes of ABC learning. References: AICPA, 2017.Statement on Auditing Standards, Number 126: The Auditor's Consideration of an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern(No. 126). John Wiley Sons. Bowlin, K.O., Hobson, J.L. and Piercey, M.D., 2015. The effects of auditor rotation, professional skepticism, and interactions with managers on audit quality.The Accounting Review,90(4), pp.1363-1393. Bozkurt, O., 2014. The Effect of Internal Audit Procedures and Auditors Responsibilities on the Independent Audit Decision.Research Journal of Finance and Accounting,5(1), pp.26-33. Brazel, J.F., Jackson, S.B., Schaefer, T.J. and Stewart, B.W., 2016. The outcome effect and professional skepticism.The Accounting Review,91(6), pp.1577-1599. Cohen, J., Dalton, D. and L Harp, N., 2014. The Effect of Professional Skepticism on Job Attitudes and Turnover Intentions within the Audit Profession. Fazli Aghghaleh, S., Muhammaddun Mohamed, Z. and Ahmad, A., 2014. The effects of personal and organizational factors on role ambiguity amongst internal auditors.International Journal of Auditing,18(2), pp.105-114. Kassem, R. and Higson, A.W., 2016. External auditors and corporate corruption: implications for external audit regulators.Current Issues in Auditing,10(1), pp.P1-P10. Klassen, K.J., Lisowsky, P. and Mescall, D., 2015. The role of auditors, non-auditors, and internal tax departments in corporate tax aggressiveness.The Accounting Review,91(1), pp.179-205. Klein, G., 2015.Ethics in accounting: A decision-making approach. John Wiley Sons. Li, Y., Simunic, D.A. and Ye, M., 2017. Do Auditors Care About Clients Compliance with Environmental Regulations? Evidence from Environmental Risk and Audit Fees. MaAyan, Y. and Carmeli, A., 2016. Internal audits as a source of ethical behavior, efficiency, and effectiveness in work units.Journal of business ethics,137(2), pp.347-363. Pitt, S.A., 2014. International standards for the professional practice of internal auditing. Press, F. and Woodrow, C., 2018. Marketisation, Elite Education and Internationalisation in Australian Early Childhood Education and Care. InElite Education and Internationalisation(pp. 139-159). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. Quadackers, L., Groot, T. and Wright, A., 2014. Auditors professional skepticism: Neutrality versus presumptive doubt.Contemporary accounting research,31(3), pp.639-657. Shah, M.K., 2017. THE IMPACT OF VARIOUS RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE AUDITORS IN CONTEXT OF INDEPENDENCE AND IMPARTIALITY: A PERCEPTION OF ACCOUNTING PROFESSIONALS.Journal of Commerce Accounting Research,6(4). Soh, D.S. and Martinov-Bennie, N., 2015. Internal auditors perceptions of their role in environmental, social and governance assurance and consulting.Managerial Auditing Journal,30(1), pp.80-111.